Monday 18 / November / 2024
Athens: Two ferries left Greece for Turkey on Tuesday with 18 migrants on board and a government spokesman said Athens was doing all it could to process returnees under a deal with Turkey intended to stem a huge refugee influx into Europe.
Just over 340 people have so far been returned to Turkey since April 4 under the accord agreed with the European Union in March after more than 1 million people fleeing war and poverty in the Middle East and beyond reached the continent last year.
On Tuesday, 13 people were deported from the island of Lesbos to the Turkish town of Dikili and five were ferried back from Chios to Cesme, police said. Most were Afghans. None had requested asylum in Greece, a government official said.
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and human rights groups have questioned whether the deal is legal or moral. They are also concerned about whether Turkey is a "safe" country for returnees. UNHCR does not currently have access to the Kirklareli camp returnees are sent to.
The European Commission said on Tuesday it had been formally reassured by Turkey that it would grant access to asylum procedures to all asylum-seekers sent back from the bloc, a key outstanding element in the deal.
Turkey applies the Geneva Convention on refugees only to Europeans, offers limited protection to Syrians and no legal guarantees for other nationalities.
Brussels has pushed Ankara since March to change that to allow the EU to scale up the returns without the risk of violating international humanitarian laws.
International law bans refoulement, or sending people back to a country where their lives or safety are at risk.
In Geneva, the United Nations' World Food Programme (WFP) said it was concerned about the plight of Syrian refugees in Turkey, with around 90 per cent of them outside official camps, often without work and in makeshift accommodation.
Under the deal, those arriving in Greece from Turkey after March 20 face being sent back if they do not apply for asylum in Greece or if their application is rejected.
In return, the EU will take in thousands of Syrian refugees directly from Turkey and reward Ankara with more money, early visa-free travel for its citizens and progress in negotiations to join the bloc.
Turkey Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu said on last week that Turkey would no longer need to honour the accord if the EU failed to ease visa requirements by June.
Brussels has said that Turkey fully meets only 19 out of 72 criteria for visa liberalisation. On Tuesday, Turkey's Deputy Prime Minister, Mehmet Simsek, said Ankara will meet criteria for visa liberalisation by the beginning of May.
In Greece, the government has said that authorities would start ruling on asylum applications in late April, but requests have been piling up and it has been criticised for being too slow to process them.
Giorgos Kyritsis, government spokesman for the migration crisis, said Athens was "not cutting corners (and)... not delaying."
"We're sticking to the legal procedure so that the asylum process is completed in the best possible way," he said.
About 8,000 refugees and migrants are currently on Greek islands, having arrived after the deal was implemented.
So far under the deal, the International Organisation for Migration (IOM) has facilitated the resettlement of 350 Syrians from Turkey to European countries including in Austria, Denmark, and Germany, it said on Tuesday. It expects to resettle another 300 this week, mostly in France.
